As ferramentas da qualidade na análise de falha da manutenção mecânica: a importância da análise na melhoria da confiabilidade da manutenção de ativos

This project aims to demonstrate the importance of failure analysis as a strategic tool for improving reliability and availability in mechanical maintenance of dynamic equipment, with a focus on the practical application of quality tools. The research was developed through a literature review and a case study in a petroleum refinery, addressing the main concepts of corrective, preventive, and predictive maintenance and their implications in industrial asset management. Failure analysis was applied to a centrifugal pump in the water cooling system, highlighting the recurrence of failures in the thrust bearing. The investigation employed tools such as failure flowchart, Pareto chart, Five Whys analysis, RCFA (Root Cause Failure Analysis), as well as predictive techniques such as vibration and thermographic analysis. The results revealed deviations related to excessive pipe tension, inadequate bearing lubrication, and failures in the standardization of assembly procedures. Based on performance indicators (MTTR, MTBF, and operational availability), corrective and preventive actions were proposed, such as pump rotation, pipe realignment, restoration of the original lubrication system, and revision of component replacement intervals. The study reinforces the relevance of process standardization and the application of quality tools as support for reliability engineering, promoting continuous improvement in maintenance management.