Transição energética no transporte público brasileiro metodologia de estudo sobre infraestruturas de recarga para ônibus elétricos

Abstract

In recent decades, the growing demand for clean energy sources has driven the global renewable energy market. Initiatives such as the COP (Conference of the Parties), created in 1994 by the UN in Berlin, have made it essential to incorporate environmental and climate-related issues into the short-, medium-, and long-term planning of governments worldwide. This movement establishes sustainability as a central element in governmental planning, including in Brazil, with a focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide. In this context, the electrification of public and private vehicle fleets emerges as an effective solution to mitigate environmental and climate impacts. Several Brazilian municipalities have already begun this energy transition by investing in electric bus fleets, thus taking the first steps toward consolidating urban electromobility in the country. This study aims to analyze the main public electric bus charging terminals already installed in Brazil, identifying their strengths and weaknesses. The analysis will cover both qualitative aspects—such as social and environmental impacts—and quantitative aspects—including technical and economic criteria. As a result, the study seeks to highlight best practices and recommendations for the efficient implementation of electric bus terminals in Brazilian urban settings.