PROJETO E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM MÓDULO DIDÁTICO PARA TREINAMENTO EM PROGRAMAÇÃO DE CLP

This work describes the project development and implementation of a didactic module for training in PLC programming, with the general objective of designing, building, and validating a prototype for professional training in the automation field. The methodology involved designing the structure in CATIA V5 and AutoCAD software for 3D and 2D modeling, respectively, and also developing the electrical diagram in AutoCAD. The material selected for the prototype’s structure was MDF, due to its ease of handling and low cost—characteristics that enabled the initial construction. However, its limited durability pointed to the need for more resistant materials such as PVC or acrylic for future improvements. Low-cost electrical and electronic components, suitable for the PLC’s 24V operation, were defined, with the PLC’s input and output interface implemented using fuse terminals and banana plugs for safety and modularity. The Siemens SIMATIC S7-300 PLC was the main controller used, with the plan to add an S7-1200 in future work to explore communication between PLCs from different families. During construction, the impossibility of mounting the S7-1200 PLC on the prototype led to the repurposing of the space and the rejection of the need for a dedicated input/output expansion module. After construction, extensive tests and validation were carried out using a multimeter for voltage and continuity measurements, and the TIA Portal 15.1 software for validating the logic and activating/monitoring the I/O signals, which presented no failures. Additionally, a comprehensive support material was developed in the form of a manual, which covers everything from fundamental concepts of PLC programming and languages like Ladder, to practical activities of gradual complexity and the use of TIA Portal features. This material was successfully used in internal and external company training, validating its didactic and practical applicability. It is concluded that the prototype met the proposed objectives, proving to be an effective tool for the practical teaching of PLC programming, contributing to professional training and the improvement of essential skills in the industrial automation sector. Future work includes the integration of the S7-1200 PLC for network and communication studies, the incorporation of HMI development activities, and the creation of small didactic plants to diversify the module’s industrial applications.