Estudo comparativo de custo de sistemas de alvenaria de vedação e alvenaria estrutural para a construção de uma residência unifamiliar

Abstract

The rapid population growth and consequent urban expansion have significantly increased Brazil's housing deficit, creating a demand for affordable solutions such as the Minha Casa Minha Vida (MCMV) program, which aims to provide low-cost housing for families with incomes of up to ten minimum wages. Within this context, this study presents a comparative cost analysis between conventional masonry and structural masonry systems for the construction of a single-family home, based on a standard design from Caixa Econômica Federal. The methodology involved standardizing the project's budget spreadsheet with updated data from the Sistema Nacional de Pesquisa de Custos e Índices da Construção Civil (SINAPI, April 2025), assessing the technical and economic feasibility of each method while considering materials, labor, and construction phases. The results demonstrated that structural masonry offers a significant economic advantage, with an approximate 36% reduction in overall construction costs compared to conventional systems. Additionally, structural masonry showed greater construction efficiency through material optimization, increased productivity, and reduced waste. In conclusion, the adoption of structural masonry in MCMV projects represents a more financially viable solution, contributing to resource optimization and expanding access to adequate housing without compromising building quality.