Aspectos técnicos da vernalização na produção do alho.

The garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an olericultural crop that over the past few decades has been explored a lot in the country and in the world, due to the great world consumption, with a large participation in the food. Brazil, even though is a country without a favorable climate for culture to develop, is a country that produces comercial garlic, but currently it is not yet able to supply all your demand in the domestic consumer Market, making it necessary to generate import volumes. Some challenges encoutered by garlic producers are notable in Brazil, especially in regions producing tropical climate, as it is a crop with physiological requirements that depend on adequate climatic conditions for your natural development. There are three groups of cultivars that can be planted in Brazil; those of early cycle, medium and late; the last one has a high demand on long photoperiod and low temperatures so that bulbification occurs naturally in the field. This group of cultivars i salso the one that presentes the most desirable production, with bigger bulbs and high post-harvest conservation. This way, vernelization is widely used in the treatment of seed garlic in cold chambers to induce bulbification in these cultivars that would not presente bulbification under natural growing conditions in Brazil. The objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographic review showing results with the performance of seed garlic in diferente regions of the country, submitted to the use of different temperature rangers in the positive and negative vernezalition in a cold chamber. It was observed that the technique is traditionally used with a temperature of 3 °C to 4 °C, for a period of 40 to 60 days, which guarantees bulbification and a considerable reduction in the culture cycle. On the Other hand, more recently, negative temperature ranges, ranging from -1 °C to -3 °C, have been used, which has provided a considerable reduction in productivity and na increase in the crop cycle. It can be seen, therefore, that although vernalization has been used for some time with the application of a positive temperature range, new studies demonstrate the feasibility of alteration with great effect on the productivity of the culture, which still needs further research for better confirmation of your effects and advantages.