Caracterização agronômica de variedades de mangarito.
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Abstract
Vegetables are paramount in human nutrition, as they are sources of fibers, minerals, vitamins and other essential elements for the functioning of organisms. Olericulture has a wide variety of species, yet some of them are no longer used by the population. These cultures that are no longer used are known as UFPs - Unconventional Food Plants and may be regarded as plants that are not popularly known on our menus, essential foods for our body providing antioxidants, fibers, vitamins and minerals. Unconventional food plants were present in the dishes of the ancestors of some regions, but their consumption reduced considerably. Owing to the expansion of the population as well as a result of the increased demand for food, it is necessary to search for alternative foods and mangarito is one of them, as it is a source of carbohydrates. Despite being a plant with valuable nutritional characteristics, technical information on this culture is still scarce. In this sense, this study aimed at evaluating the agronomic characteristics of different varieties of mangarito. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Block Design, with four treatments and five replicates, totaling twenty experimental units. The varieties used were: ‘mangarito roxo’ (from the region of Cajati), ‘mangarito roxo’ (from the region of Paraibuna - SP), ‘mangarito amarelo’ (from the region of Catanduva) and ‘mangarito amarelo’ (from the region of Bambuí). The planting was carried out in a single line with a 30-cm spacing between the plants. All treatments were equally fertilized with 5.2 grams of potassium chloride and 7.0 grams of urea per plant. The three central plants of each plot were harvested 250 days after planting, which were then taken to the Genetic Laboratory of Plants in order to be evaluated. The characteristics analyzed were: plant yield, rhizome weight, largest diameter, smallest diameter as well as the number of rhizomes per plant. The statistical analysis of the data identified significant differences among varieties for all characteristics evaluated. The varieties ‘mangarito roxo’ from Paraibuna - SP and ‘mangarito roxo’ from Cajati stood out for the following characteristics: plant yield, rhizome weight and largest diameter, and the ‘mangarito roxo’ from Paraibuna - SP also had the smallest diameter. In the analysis for the number of rhizomes per plant, ‘mangarito amarelo’ both from Catanduva and Bambuí had the highest values.
