Aplicação de coquetel de zinco, selênio e iodo, utilizados na biofortificação agronômica, e seus efeitos sobre a produtividade do feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Abstract

Agronomic biofortification has emerged as a promising strategy to increase micronutrient concentrations in widely consumed foods, thereby contributing to the population's food and nutritional security. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the foliar application of a cocktail containing zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), and iodine (I) on the yield and grain classification of different common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Minas Gerais – Bambuí Campus using a randomized complete block design with three replications in a split-plot arrangement, involving eleven genotypes and two treatments: with and without the application of the biofortifying cocktail. Grain yield and the proportion of grains retained on different sieves were evaluated. The results showed a significant interaction between genotypes and the cocktail application. Yield increases were observed in the BRSMG Majestoso, BRSMG Amuleto, and BRSMG União genotypes, highlighting differential responses to biofortification. Regarding grain classification, a predominance of grains retained on sieves larger than 12 mm was observed, with variations in distribution across sieves depending on the genotype evaluated. The results indicate that the efficiency of agronomic biofortification with zinc, selenium, and iodine depends on the genetic material used and can contribute to increased yield and improved commercial quality of common bean grains.