Avaliação do tratamento de águas residuárias utilizando coagulantes naturais e reúso do lodo no processo de produção de fogos de artifícios.
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Abstract
In search of the reuse of industrial solid and liquid waste from the companies Super Fogos e Fogos Beija-flor, as reverse logistics, this paper proposes to analyze innovative alternatives for the field of fireworks, with a study theme that pointed to experiments that describe techniques scientific and methodological. Thus, this study sought to build a detailed diagnosis of waste management starting with the modification of the conventional treatment of industrial wastewater with the application of natural coagulants and pointing to the reuse of these waters for supply purposes in workshops and water depths; in the same way, the reuse of the sludge originated after the treatment of these effluents, as a by-product in the production line. It is noteworthy that, initially, bibliographic searches were carried out to compose the systematic review, which was very relevant and positive, since these are new studies on the activity of fireworks, although articles with limitations were also found. During the search for studies on aspects of waste management, 31 articles were found that contributed to the scientific composition of knowledge. After the systematic research, tests were performed using white wattle (Moringa oleifera) coagulants Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and banana (Musa spp.) residues in substitution to the conventional treatment – the efficiency was observed for the disposal of clean water, however the company Super Fogos reuses all this water for cleaning purposes. Only sunflower (Helianthus annuus) was not relevant for this work. In search of a final destination for the sludge from industrial treatment, full-scale experiments were carried out at Fogos Beija-flor in the form of replacing parts of the refractory earth input by sediments generated in conventional treatment and with natural coagulants. The study evaluated the quality of the ground pumps - B1, B4 and Explosion -, which were suitable for commercialization. With these acquisitions of alternatives for the final disposal of solid and liquid waste from fireworks, savings of R$13,797.32 annually are obtained, as indicated by opportune indicators to compose the reverse logistics. Finally, it was presented as a technical product, meeting the basic requirement of the graduate program in Sustainability and Environmental Technology, the creation of a website on the Elementor platform, thus providing access to those interested in seeking to reduce environmental impacts.
