Produtividade do milho safrinha em função de diferentes fontes nitrogenadas no sistema de cultivo convencional e plantio direto
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Corn is one of the cereals of major socioeconomic importance for the country. Nitrogen (N) is the mineral nutrient most absorbed by corn crop, being one of the ones that most influences grain yield. In Brazil urea is one of the main nitrogen sources used due to its high concentration of N, becoming one of the most important agricultural inputs marketed. However, when applied to the surface in top dressing, nitrogen can be lost to the atmosphere by ammonia volatilization (NH3). Thus, fertilizer industries have developed alternative sources of nitrogen and these are marketed as more promising because they are more efficient in reducing nitrogen losses from volatilization. However, the high cost of these fertilizers often made it impossible to use this technology. In this context, the present work aimed to quantify the yield and to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of safrinha corn under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems as a function of different nitrogen sources used in the cover fertilization in the system. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a 7x2 factorial scheme, with the control and 6 nitrogen sources (pearly urea, urease inhibitor urea (NBPT), urea containing copper and boron, urea containing sulfur and polymer, ammonium nitrate). and ammonium sulfate) and 2 tillage systems (no tillage and conventional tillage), with 3 replications, totaling 42 experimental plots. All fertilizers were applied at a rate of 150 kg ha-1 of N in coverage and the control treatment (without application of N in coverage). The evaluated variables were accumulated N in shoot dry mass (MSPA), grain and total (grain + MSPA), grain and straw productivity and agronomic efficiency. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means grouped using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. Nitrogen fertilizers applied in the cover crop fertilization influenced the accumulation of N in MSPA and the total (grain + MSPA). Grain and straw productivity and agronomic efficiency were not influenced by the different nitrogen fertilizers used in the cover crop fertilization of the safrinha corn nor in the cropping systems.
