Um processo estruturado para implementação de testes funcionais automatizados em aplicações web: análise de ganhos operacionais

Abstract

This paper presents a technical report on the gradual implementation of automated functional tests in a web-based information technology service management application. The growing demand for agile deliveries and reliable web applications has driven the adoption of test automation, although its implementation still faces challenges related to process structuring and the initial effort required. The objective of this study is to propose and evaluate a structured process for implementing automated functional tests, considering planning, testability, and sustainability of the quality process. The methodology is characterized as applied research with a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach, conducted through a case study. Four functional scenarios were defined, initially executed manually and later automated, and evaluated in three controlled execution cycles. The comparative analysis considered execution time and total human effort in each cycle. The results showed a significant reduction in execution time, greater predictability between cycles, and better suitability for recurring regression tests. Although automation requires higher initial effort, the investment is offset after a few cycles, indicating a favorable break-even point. As a contribution, this technical report proposes a structured and replicable process that integrates manual and automated testing in a planned way, supporting decision-making on when and how to automate. It is concluded that functional test automation should be treated as a strategic process initiative, complementary to manual testing, and capable of improving software quality in web applications.