Produção de briquetes a partir de finos de carvão vegetal e finos de minério de ferro
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Abstract
Due to the need to mix coals of different levels to suit the needs of the process, and considering that fossil fuels are highly polluting, there is a need for alternative routes that can minimize these impacts on the environment. The use of charcoal in steelmaking emerged as an alternative to mineral coal considering the positive carbon balance generated throughout its chain and also economically, however, charcoal cannot replace mineral coal in its entirety in the process due to some restrictions it has in relation to resistance and large production volumes. Also considering that iron ore is becoming increasingly poor, requiring more processing steps, in order to cause a greater generation of fines in the process, there is a need for a better destination for these materials. Fines cannot be used in the blast furnace because they affect the permeability of the melting bed, making the reduction steps difficult, reducing the efficiency of the process. Due to these problems, briquetting appears as an alternative so that these fines can be returned to the process and concentrate the energy present, in order to increase its mechanical resistance. In this work, briquettes were manufactured with iron ore fines and charcoal fines, chemical characterization of the materials and the RDI (Reduction Degradation Index) test of the generated briquette were carried out. Two curing temperatures were proposed to perform the RDI: at a temperature of 100°C the briquette presented an RDI = 74,70% and at a temperature of 500°C it was not possible to carry out the test because the briquettes disintegrated easily. The briquette proposed in this work did not reach sufficient mechanical resistance to be used in the process. When carrying out the test, a strong combustion of charcoal was observed, suggesting high reactivity. For future work, it is suggested to carry out more tests with lower percentages of charcoal and reduce the curing temperature of the briquette.
