Doses de adubação via fertirrigação para a produção de mudas de hortaliças
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Abstract
The production of quality seedlings is essential for the success of vegetable cultivation, especially for species of high economic importance. In this context, adequate nutrient supply during the initial phase of plant development is crucial to ensure vigorous, uniform seedlings with good field establishment potential. Among the nutritional management alternatives, fertigation stands out, allowing for the efficient delivery of essential nutrients, such as phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), through irrigation water. Given the lack of specific technical recommendations for nursery fertilization and considering the nutritional requirements of each species, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different fertilization doses through fertigation on the production of lettuce, beet, and tomato seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment in the Vegetable Sector of the IFMG – Bambuí Campus, in expanded polystyrene trays with commercial substrate and vermiculite, using six treatments for each crop, one of which was a control (without fertilization) and the others composed of increasing doses of Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP), Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4), and Potassium Nitrate (KNO3). Morphological parameters were evaluated 35 days after planting, such as plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root length, shoot green matter, and root green matter. The results indicated that, for all crops, the control treatment presented significantly lower yields in all the variables analyzed, demonstrating the need for an adequate supply of nutrients. Intermediate fertilizer doses provided better results in terms of vegetative growth and biomass accumulation, with emphasis on doses of 3 kg of MAP, 1.5 kg of MgSO4, 0.75 kg of N.P and 4 kg of MAP, 2 kg of MgSO4, 1 kg of KNO4, which promoted the best balance between the aerial part and the root system, a determining factor for the production of vigorous seedlings with greater survival capacity after transplanting. The results reinforce the importance of efficient nutritional management in the nursery phase and highlight the potential of fertigation as a strategic tool to optimize the production of quality seedlings.
