Caracterização de substrato do solo com uso de cama de frango fermentada e não fermentada.

Abstract

CharacteriThe organic compost of poultry origin is commonly called chicken litter, being a mixture of substrate used in the lining of the floors of the sheds, consisting of feces, feathers and remains of feed. The objective of the present work was to characterize the substrates using in-natura (non-fermented) and fermented chicken litter, in order to identify possible effects of toxicity of the two treatments on the germination of the cultures. The chicken litter was collected on a property of the company Avivar Alimentos Ltda, obtained from the third use in the breeding shed, and directed to two forms of storage. After the chickens left for slaughter, a part of the compost was separated and identified as chicken litter without fermentation (CSF), stored in a hermetically sealed bucket for 15 days and kept under refrigeration (17°C). The second part of the compost was identified as fermented chicken litter (CFF), stored in a hermetically closed bucket at room temperature, in order to simulate the fermentation that took place in the field in 15 days. The planting of corn and soybean seeds (10 seeds per pot) was carried out in pots for each of the three treatments (Control, CFF and CSF). It was possible to observe an enrichment in the levels of macronutrients and micronutrients in the soils of the two treatments with the compost, in comparison with the control soil. It was found that the amount of ammonifying microorganisms in the soil reduced sharply in the CFF, with the highest amount of microorganisms found in the control treatment. Soil pH became more alkaline with the addition of compounds. However, chicken litter in the proportion used in the study (21ton/ha) caused germinative death of all seeds in both treatments (CSF and CFF). It is concluded that the direct use of chicken litter under the conditions tested in cultures is not recommended, as it may result in the death of cultures and alterations in the soil.