Analise das variações térmicas e a eficiência dos sistemas de ventilação na regulação do microclima interno em aviários

The study analyzed the thermal environment of two experimental broiler chicken aviaries at Federal Institute of Minas Gerais (IFMG) – São João Evangelista Campus, assessing temperature, humidity, and ventilation conditions throughout the day and their influence on the birds' thermal comfort. The main objective was to investigate thermal variations and the efficiency of ventilation systems in regulating the internal microclimate. The research was conducted in the fall of 2024 using thermo-hygrometers and a thermo-hygro-anemometer to collect data on temperature, humidity, and wind speed in both aviaries. Aviary 1, also used for layer chickens, presented a milder thermal environment, whereas Aviary 2, exclusively for broilers, faced significant thermal challenges and was deactivated in 2024 due to high internal temperatures. The analysis revealed that maximum temperatures occurred between 10 AM and 3 PM, with Aviary 2 being approximately 2°C warmer than Aviary 1, which was attributed to the lower efficiency of its ventilation system. Relative humidity showed an inverse pattern to temperature, reaching its lowest values during the hottest hours of the day. The Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) indicated that in both aviaries, climate conditions exceeded ideal thermal comfort levels, especially in Aviary 2, which reached values above 80, characterizing severe thermal discomfort. Forced ventilation resulted in small temperature reductions (around 1°C to 2°C) but was not sufficient to ensure a comfortable environment. Spatial interpolation using kriging indicated that the ventilation system had a limited impact on thermal homogenization within the aviaries.