Uso da análise de tensões para adequar layouts de tubulações industriais

Abstract

Industrial piping systems are frequently subjected to temperature and pressure variations during operational processes, generating thermal expansions and contractions. If left uncontrolled, these phenomena induce harmful stresses within the system and at the nozzles of connected equipment. This study aims to understand the importance of stress and flexibility analysis in adapting piping layouts, thereby ensuring the mechanical integrity of the facilities. The methodology employed computational calculations using CAESAR II software to perform static simulations on a sulfuric acid pumping system within an alumina plant. Three different layout configurations (A, B, and C) were proposed and analyzed to mitigate mechanical loads. Configuration A (the initial layout) revealed excessive displacements and loads on the pump nozzles. Configuration B, which modified the suction arrangement, showed improvements but still maintained some high loads. Configuration C incorporated expansion loops and the development of custom supports to sustain the valves, which significantly reduced the loads on the nozzles. The analysis of the results was guided by the ASME B31.3 code guidelines and the allowable load restrictions provided by the equipment manufacturers. It is concluded that the use of the software, combined with strategic routing and support modifications, was effective in controlling the primary and secondary stresses of the design. The system achieved technical feasibility for construction and has been operating successfully.