Codigestão anaeróbia de dejetos de ovinos com inclusões de diferentes proporções de dejetos de bovinos em biodigestores de bancada operando em batelada.
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For the sustainable development of sheep and cattle raising, it is essential to search for new methods of management and treatment of the waste generated, aiming at maximum reduction of environmental impacts and optimization of the inputs used in the activity, through their reuse or recycling. Biodigesters provide the recycling and treatment of waste from livestock activities, through the process of anaerobic digestion, generating digestate (fertilizer) and alternative energy (biogas). The present work evaluated the process of anaerobic co-digestion of sheep manure with inclusions of five proportions of cattle manure, in bench biogigestors, operating in batch with hydraulic retention time of 154 days and total solids concentration of 9%. Sheep and cattle waste came from a herd of crossbred breeds, fed on pasture, with supplementation of concentrate and minerals. The evaluations involved five mixing ratios, 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75: 0:100, cattle and sheep manure, respectively. The proportions of mixtures containing 50% or more of cattle manure showed the highest conversions of carbonaceous matter to biogas. The mixtures containing the proportions of 50:50 and 0:100, sheep and cattle manure, respectively, had average total productions of 0.0229 m3 and 0.0232 m3 of biogas, production potentials of 0.1156 m3 and 0. 1204 m3 biogas/kg total solids added, 0.1440 m3 and 0.1465 m3 biogas/kg volatile solids added and 0.7253 m3 and 0.6958 m3 biogas/kg biochemical oxygen demand added. The physicochemical characterization of sheep and cattle waste, crossbred breeds, fed on pasture, with concentrate and mineral supplementation presented the following composition: total solids of 21.8 and 16.5%, volatile solids of 13.1 and 13.1%, electrical conductivity at 25 0C of 4,310.00 and 2,060.00 S/cm, hydrogen potential of 7.9 and 7.2, total nitrogen of 1,758.00 and 1,203.08 mgN/kg, total phosphorus of 1,712.61 and 451.68 mgP/kg and potassium of 22,298.1 and 7,363.7 mg/kg, sheep and cattle manure, respectively. These physicochemical characteristics show the suitability of these wastes for its treatment through the anaerobic biodigestion process.
