Interferência do avanço da urbanização na morfodinâmica da Bacia do Córrego Cercadinho, Belo Horizonte, MG.

Modifications in land use and occupation, intensified through urban expansion processes, associated with soil waterproofing, vegetation suppression, changes in the drainage cycle and occupation of environmental protection areas, are some aspects with the potential to cause negative environmental impacts. In this context, this research proposes to analyze interferences of the advance of urbanization in the alteration of formats, surface materials and implications in the hydrogeomorphological systems of the Córrego Cercadinho [stream] basin in Belo Horizonte - MG. In addition, it also proposes evaluation of the evolution of public policies and associated instruments, in view of the changes caused by the urbanization process, in order to reconcile environmental protection and urban development. For this purpose, thematic maps were prepared representing three situations: original morphology, anthropogenic morphology and hydrogeomorphological changes. With these cartographic representations in mind, analyses of morphometric, changes in the hydrogeomorphological system and anthropogenic morphology in relation to public policies were carried out. It was found that the urbanization process of the study area suffered political influences, situations were identified where the regulatory instruments were created and or modified to meet political and economic interests. Overlapping of the Área de Proteção Especial [Special protection area] (APE), Área de Preservação Ambiental [Environmental preservation area] - APA Southern Metropolican Region of Belo Horizonte and Estação Ecológica do Cercadinho [Cercadinho´s ecological station] (EEC) was observed. It was also found that the new Belo Horizonte Master Plan of 2019, once again, made no mention of the APE and furthermore, identified the creation of three more environmental preservation areas (PA-1, PA-2, PA-3). The permanence of overlaps and the creation of new preservation areas increase the inconsistencies and issues about the authorities, responsibilities and criteria for environmental preservation, mainly of the APE. The Municipality of BH´s challenge is the deployment of guidelines imposed by the new master plan, including in the Cercadinho Córrego [stream] Basin, which, according to the survey carried out, is at odds with the requirements of the permeability rate, utilization coefficient, recovery of water resources located in the valley bottom and improved afforestation of greenways. With the results obtained, an instructional platform - website - was developed in order to promote the disclosure (technical and scientific) and sharing of thematic maps and their respective analyses, with the possibility of being used in other studies.