Condicionantes socioeconômicos e ambientais associados à geração de resíduos sólidos dos serviços de saúde em municípios de Minas Gerais

Abstract

With the accelerated and growing process of the generation of Solid Waste of Health Services (SWHS), smaller municipalities are faced with limitations in the management of this type of waste that can compromise environmental preservation and the quality of public health. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between political, social, economic and environmental variables of the development of municipalities located in Minas Gerais with the generation of Solid Waste of Health Services. Exploratory, observational and transversal study using secondary data, extracted from government sources and registered in 2016, from 41 municipalities of small population, and refer to 25 variables distributed in six dimensions: MSW Management Policy SWHS, Demographic, Social, Economic and Environmental Management Policy. The Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Cluster Analysis were used as data analysis methods with the variables resulting from the first analysis. Five variables (of the dimensions: MSW Management Policy, SWHS and Social Management Policy) were obtained, with a larger linear relationship with the response mass variable of SWHS (Kg/hab./year), through the modeling of Stepwise Linear Regression with the Akaike Information Criterion. The results showed that the Municipality, when owning Municipal Sanitation Basic Plan, is able to reduce the production of the SWHS in an average value of 0,94 kg per habitant/year; the 1% increase in Direct Collection Coverage of Household Solid Waste can promote a reduction of 5,28 Kg / inhabitant / year in the generation of SWHS; the increase of 1% in the coverage of basic health care services, results in an average reduction of 2,99 kg/habitant/year of SWHS generated. The increase of 1% in the collection of the Management Fee of the SWHS can increase by an average of 1,83 Kg/hab./year in the generation of the SWHS; and the improvement of the IDH Municipal in 0,01 is capable of generating an average increase of 21,31 kg / hab / year of SWHS. In Cluster Analysis the indicators of greater linear relationship are of the dimension of MSW Management were the most considered in the finding of similarities between the municipalities. It was concluded that indicators of the dimensions of MSW Management Policy, Social and Social Management Policy, used to evaluate municipal public policies, can be used in the planning process to predict and intervene in the mass of SWHS generation (kg/hab./year) optimizing its management.