Avaliação da penetração de nematoide das galhas (Meloidogyne javanica) em mudas de tomateiro tratadas com bactérias e fungos nematófagos

Abstract

The parasitism by nematodes of thegenus Meloidogyne sp. in tomato culture, promotes galls formation in the roots, causing yield losses.Concern about caring for the environment offends the use of chemicals (nematicides).That’s why the use of microorganisms as biological control agents, such as fungi and bacteria, has become increasing.The objective of the present study was to evaluate the penetration of Meloidogyne Javanica nematodes in tomato seedlings treated with nematophagous bacteria and fungi.The experiment was conducted in the Olericulture sector at IFMG-Campus Bambuí. Santa Cruz tomato cultivation was used and the experiment consisted of five treatments, which were: control without nematode inoculation; nematode inoculation + Trichoderma asperellum; nematode inoculation + Bacillus subtilis; nematode inoculation + Bacillus amyloliquefasciens and only with nematodes inoculation; each one with 10 repetitions.The test to obtain the best treatment was performed by the average number of juveniles (J2) of M. javanica in tomato root.Juvenile root penetration data were subjected to analysis of variance and 5% Scott-Knott test.Differences (P <0.05) were found among all the treatments.All of them had nematode fighting ability, with B. subtilis as the most efficient bacterium. It was the most efficient in relation to the other treatments in controlling of J2 penetration of M. javanica.Which makes it, therefore, promising against the incidence of the galls nematode in tomato roots.