Avaliação da produtividade em diferentes populações do feijoeiro

Abstract

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) constitute the Brazilian population staple food and about 61% of the world production comes from only six countries. The evaluation of plant density per hectare has high importance in terms of yield and competition identification between plants in larger acreages, reducing the number of pods, the number of grains per pod, and consequently reducing the grain weight. The acreage evaluation after sowing identifies possible problems at the harvest time, which should be corrected in the following harvests. Observation of losses during harvesting is necessary so that the harvester can be properly adjusted. The search for new technologies is necessary in order to increase crop yields as well as facilitate crop treatment, mechanized operations and improve the quality of the beans produced. The work aimed to identify the ideal plant population regarding final yield, and identify the percentage of harvest losses. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four blocks with five different populations (220,000, 240,000, 260,000, 280,000 and 300,000 plants.ha-1). When classifying the harvested grains, a higher percentage of retained grains was observed in the 7 mm diameter round hole sieve. There was no statistical difference when evaluating productivity in the studied populations. It was observed that when evaluating the final plant stand in the bean production studied areas, there was an average reduction of 3.5 plants per linear meter than that indicated for the cultivar BRS Estilo, resulting in an average reduction of 10.4 bags per hectare. There was a loss of 3.25 bags per hectare when evaluating the bean harvesting process used on the property.