Emissões de gases de efeito estuga no processo produtivo de mel e própolis : diagnóstico e proposta de redução de emissões
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Climate change represents one of the greatest environmental and socio- economic challenges of our time, requiring collective efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across different productive sectors. In this context, it becomes essential to assess and propose sustainable strategies for diverse production chains including beekeeping and its derivatives whose relevance is growing in both the domestic and international markets. The main objective of the present study is to diagnose the GHG emissions generated in the production process of the company Bee Propolis, operating in the beekeeping sector and in honey-derived products. Given the increasing concern about climate change and the need to adopt sustainable practices, this study seeks to quantify the emissions associated with the company’s industrial activities from the extraction and processing of propolis to bottling and distribution of products. The methodology adopted was based on the use of emissions-inventory tools such as the GHG Protocol, allowing the identification of the main emission sources within Scope 1 (direct emissions), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from energy consumption), and, when possible, Scope 3 (other indirect emissions). Data analysis enabled the identification of which stages of the process have the greatest environmental impact and, consequently, the formulation of mitigation strategies targeted at the main sources of emissions. The highest emissions observed originated from energy procurement (electricity)3, 376.043 tonnes of CO₂ and from downstream product distribution 5, 890.420 tonnes of CO₂. Among the proposed emission-reduction measures are the adoption of renewable energy sources, the modernization of equipment for greater energy efficiency, and the implementation of good environmental practices in logistics and waste disposal. In addition to contributing to the reduction of the environmental impact, these measures can strengthen Bee Propolis’s institutional image, generate resource savings, and align the company with the principles of sustainability and socio-environmental responsibility.
