Manejo sustentável da água proveniente do processo de condensação em aparelhos de ar-condicionado

Abstract

Given the growing water scarcity and the increasing demand for water resources in urban environments, it is necessary to seek alternative water sources that contribute to rational and sustainable water use. In this context, the water generated by the condensation process of air conditioners represents a potentially significant resource, although it remains underutilized in air-conditioned buildings. The objective of this study was to critically evaluate the technical and environmental feasibility of using this water source through its quantification, physical-chemical and microbiological characterization, and analysis of its applications in non-potable purposes. This is an exploratory, bibliographic, and experimental study conducted following the implementation of a collection system at a Wurth do Brasil facility, enabling the collection of experimental data under real operating conditions. The results indicated an average production of 10.2 L/h for the monitored equipment; however, when considering the total installed thermal capacity (593,000 BTU/h), a potential production of 49.42 L/h was estimated, highlighting the quantitative significance of this source and its recurring underutilization. Laboratory analyses showed that the condensate water has low turbidity, a reduced concentration of dissolved solids, and no microorganisms indicative of fecal contamination, which indicates good initial quality. However, the variability in pH and the absence of residual chlorine highlight limitations in meeting current potability standards, restricting its use for human consumption without prior treatment. The results support the feasibility of using it for non-potable purposes, such as irrigation, cleaning, and toilet flushing, with the potential to effectively reduce the demand for potable water. Additionally, a technical manual was developed with guidelines for the collection, storage, and use of condensate water, giving the research an applied and replicable character. It is concluded that the use of this water source constitutes a technically viable, environmentally relevant, and still underutilized strategy, with direct implications for the efficient management of water resources and for addressing scenarios of increasing pressure on water availability.

Keywords: Air-conditioners; Water Resources Management; Non-potable water use.