Parcerias público-privadas para a coleta seletiva: o papel das empresas na sustentabilidade urbana

Abstract

Urban solid waste management is one of the main challenges for Brazilian cities, especially regarding the implementation of selective collection. Based on the National Solid Waste Policy (Law No. 12.305/2010) and recent advances, such as Law No. 15.088/2025, which prohibits the importation of waste, this work discusses the role of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in promoting sustainable solutions, based on a narrative literature review. The general objective of this study was to analyze, through a narrative literature review, how Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) contribute to the effectiveness of urban selective collection in Brazil. Data collection was carried out on April 14, 2026, on the Google Scholar, BDTD, and Web of Science platforms, using the descriptors "public-private partnership" and "selective collection". After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and organizing the data in a spreadsheet, eight studies were selected for content analysis, according to Bardin (2011). The results were systematized into three categories: (A) operational management of cooperatives and socioeconomic inclusion of waste pickers via PPPs, highlighting their potential for improving selective collection and generating work and income; (B) regional arrangements and intermunicipal public consortia as drivers of PPPs; and (C) institutional weaknesses and the absence of effective public policies for selective collection. It is concluded that PPPs are relevant instruments for the management of urban solid waste, but their effectiveness depends on consistent technical planning, the definition and monitoring of socio-environmental indicators, and institutional coordination among the different entities involved.