Diagnóstico situacional e propostas de diretrizes para a drenagem urbana a partir das características morfométricas e do uso e ocupação do solo para o município de Divinópolis (MG.)

This paper proposes an investigation about the management of rainwater in urban areas, considered as a problem that affects Brazilian municipalities, due to the way urbanization has historically occurred in the country. In order to do so, two regions where there is a problem of inundation, inundation and flooding in the municipality of Divinópolis (MG) were selected, with the objective of carrying out the prognosis of these two areas and proposing guidelines for urban drainage, based on the morphometric characteristics and the land use and occupation. As a methodology, the morphometric characteristics of the two watersheds were considered, in a situation of simulation of pre-occupation and the current situation, post-occupation, in addition to legal and normative aspects, as well as the materials involved with the urban drainage system. As a result, it was possible to observe that the maximum flow increase for the post-occupancy situation in the two basins was approximately seven times when compared to the pre-occupation situation, resulting in floods, erosion processes, transport of solids to water courses and, consequently, in the worsening of the water quality. Another result observed was the noncompliance with the maximum occupation rates allowed in the land use and occupation law, in permanent preservation areas, along water courses and with slopes greater than 45º, and the non-mandatory permeability rates, contributing to the increase in surface runoff of rainwater, due to the waterproofing of these areas. Therefore, the worsening of urban drainage causes negative social, environmental and economic impacts. Moreover, it is necessary to create an integrated management involving the different sectors and the empowerment of society in relation to water courses. Furthermore, to combine the morphometric characteristics, which govern the hydrological behavior of urban basins, with the instruments that guarantee territorial planning, as a way of approaching the management of urban drainage systems. As a way of enabling the dissemination of the content resulting from this research, a technical booklet was created, with the objective of acting as an educational-communicative tool in the different professional environments directly and indirectly involved in the urban drainage system.