Desenvolvimento de substrato para produção de mudas de hortaliças a partir de resíduos orgânicos no IFMG - Campus Bambuí.
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This work aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of alternative materials to compose agricultural substrates for the cultivation of vegetables. The physical and chemical characterization was performed at the Biotechnology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, and the evaluation of the substrates performance occurred at the Vegetation House at the IFMG - Bambuí Campus. Two experiments were carried out using two different vegetables in each (lettuce and tomato). In the first, the experimental design was used in randomized blocks, with 7 substrates (6 alternative substrates and the commercial substrate) and 4 blocks. Density, porosity, water retention capacity, aeration space, pH and electrical conductivity were evaluated. The cultivation was carried out in expanded polystyrene trays of 128 cells for tomato and 200 cells for lettuce. The emergency speed index, the emergency percentage, the stability of the clod and the total nitrogen were evaluated. The substrates S1, S2, S3 and Control stood out for most of the analyzed variables. The second experiment analyzed the influence of substrates and tray sizes on lettuce and tomato seedlings production. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 3x2 factorial scheme, three substrates and two tray sizes (128 and 200 cells). The emergence speed index, emergency percentage, seedling height, leaf number, fresh and dry mass of root and shoot, root volume and total Nitrogen were analyzed. For the lettuce seedlings, there was interaction only for NF, MFR, NT. As for tomato seedlings, the interaction was observed in the variables MFPA, MFR, MSR, NT.
