Caracterização de unidades familiares da zona de amortecimento do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra localizadas na bacia do Rio Santo Antônio: um caminho para a transição agroecológica
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Abstract
This research aimed to characterize family units located in the watershed of the Santo Antônio river, settled in the Serra da Canastra National Park (SCNP), in the town of São Roque de Minas/MG. Factors related to production systems, natural resources and social relations were analysed. Also, it intended to identify the potentialities and weaknesses of the agroecosystems, as well as subsidize the establishment of guidelines to allow the agroecological transition process. A total of 53 interviews were carried out, after which 33 family units were identified. For the purpose of this work, the gathering and analysis of information were focused on the interview of those 33 family producers identified. Considering the process of agroecological transition, the main potentialities noticed were the artisanal production of Canastra cheese; access to goods and services provided by the SCNP and the tourism potential of the region. The weaknesses observed were: lack of social organization, progress of cultivated areas over areas of native vegetation, agriculture based on the agro-industrial production model; financial impracticability of cheese production; problems related to the soil conservation and precariousness in the final disposal and / or treatment of household waste. From the generated knowledge, it was possible to present a set of actions with the intention of subsidizing the beginning of the process of agroecological transition that must be continuously built, in a collective and participatory way and that needs above all political will. Future surveys should evaluate the productive systems and stablish accurate indicators for agroecosystem sustainability and transition process efficiency through methods such as IDEA (Indicauters de Durabilité des Exploitations Agricoles) and MESMIS (Marco de Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad).
