Mapeamento de serviços ecossistêmicos e proposição de ações prioritárias para conservação e recuperação da bacia do Rio Formiga

Abstract

Although degradation of natural ecosystems is increasing, human still depend on ecosystem resources and services from natural areas. Natural areas currently occupy a small portion of the landscape and are generally embedded in anthropogenic areas. Natural areas modifications reduce the supply of resources and services such as water management and erosion control, fundamental to the populations. There is an increase in the dependence of preserved areas for the maintenance of ecosystem services and consequent agricultural productivity and provision resources to population. With the objective of map ecosystem services and evaluate their potential supply and then create actions for improvement, we selected the ecosystem services of greater relevance to the study area. Each ecosystem service indicator was composed of classes and these were assigned weights considering the land cover capacity to provide ecosystem services. Land use and land cover characterization was carried out aiming at the association and consequent spatial evaluation of ecosystem services. Regulatory services had lower relevant capacities, while production services were predominant in higher weights and support services had higher representativities than regulation services. The basin presents a high level of degradation and it is dependent on different degrees of services of natural remnants. It is necessary to create management mechanisms to the basin to control the use and occupation of the land with the objective of making the basin sustainable, keeping the production allied with environmental preservation.