Estudo de desempenho de linhas de transmissão de 138 kv frente a descargas atmosféricas: análise de um estudo de caso
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Abstract
The lightning strikes on transmission lines are the principal cause of outages in transmission systems, according to electric power utilities. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms associated with these outages can lead to the enhancement of line protection design, improving their performance against such strikes by reducing overvoltages, faults, and outages. There are two mechanisms associated with lightning strikes: flashover, due to strikes on phase conductors, and backflashover, related to strikes on shield wires. Both result in impulsive overvoltages that can cause insulation breakdown and subsequent line outage. This work aims to assess the occurrence of backflashover in a typical 138 kV transmission line when subjected to lightning strikes. The line performance is simulated using the ATPDraw software in order to determine overvoltage levels across the insulator when it exposed to typical lightning current waveforms. Simulations were conducted to obtain overvoltage waveforms for the transmission line with grounding resistances of 30 and 100 ohms, considering lightning strikes on the tower and in the middle of the span. In these cases, simulations with and without the insertion of surge arrester were carried out to enable the assessment of insulator supportability and the efficiency of surge arrester. Based on the calculated overvoltage and withstand values of the insulator in kV, the tolerable peak current value without the presence of surge arresters was determined for each configuration studied.
