Estudo para recuperação de área degradada por mineração em processo de invasão por Leucaena leucocephala (LAM.) de WIT e o seu controle.
Data
Autor(es)
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Abstract
Biological invasions promote the degradation of ecosystems and the reduction of environmental services, becoming one of the main causes of biodiversity loss. Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala Lam. R. de Witt) is a tree species native to Mexico, considered invasive in several parts of the world, including Brazil. This dissertation seeks to understand the biological interaction of the exotic tree species Leucaena leucocephala (Lam. De Wit) in the recovery of degraded areas through the evaluation of their effects on soil nutrients and microorganisms, in addition to testing different methods of physical-chemical control of its potential invader. To achieve this objective, two experiments were carried out: i) collection of samples composed of soil in an area predominantly occupied by leucena (treatment) and areas occupied by exotic brachial pasture in natural regeneration (pre-treatment) and an area of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (control), described in the study as native forest. The soil samples were analyzed for their physical and biological parameters, the latter focusing on the alpha and beta diversity of microorganisms and their metabolic functions. ii) conducting an experimental design to study the control of the species in an invaded area, with the application of eight treatments and three repetitions in randomized blocks, using the herbicides picloran + 2.4D (288 +1.080 g ha-1), triclopyr-butotyl (5 L pc / ha), glyphosate (2.40 kg ia ha-1), isolated and the same applied later on the plant stump, after shallow cut. Our results indicated that: i) the leucena (L. leucocephala) did not alter the chemical composition of the soil and of the local microbiota in the invaded area, presenting beta diversity rates very similar to those of the adjacent forest area, and these in turn, differed the area of exotic pastures in natural regeneration; ii) the best treatment is the application of picloram + 2,4D on the stumps, reaching an average of 80% efficiency in the control. Even in direct applications, without cutting, picloram + 2,4D was more effective than triclopyr and glyphosate, achieving good control results up to 60 days after treatment (DAT).
