Diagnóstico climatológico do Monumento Natural Estadual Pico da Ibituruna

The present research aimed to carry out the climatological diagnosis of the Pico da Ibituruna State Natural Monument (MONAE), a protected area located in Governador Valadares/MG. This is an unprecedented work, which was conducted based on the analysis of climatic factors such as latitude, altitude, continentality, maritime conditions, air masses and climatic elements such as precipitation and temperature. The data was worked on a decennial basis from 2005 to 2022. As there is no meteorological station within the conservation unit, precipitation data were obtained from the Climate Hazards Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) group. For temperature data, we chose to apply the following physical criterion: “the temperature in the troposphere drops rapidly with altitude, at an average rate of 6.5°C/Km or 0.65°C every 100 meters”. For the urban area of Governador Valadares, data from the National Water and Sanitation Agency (ANA) rainfall and National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) meteorological stations were used. Using the method proposed by Thorthwaite and Matter (1955), adapted by Rolim et al. (1998), graphs of ten-day period climatic water balances from INMET, ANA and MONAE were developed with the aim of diagnosing water surpluses and deficiencies. To identify the spatialization of precipitation and temperatures, the ArcGis 10.5 program was used, and dynamic atmospheric patterns, the Grads 2.0 program was used. As a result, it was observed that the water surpluses with the highest volumes for the urban area were recorded in the 2nd ten-day period of December, while for MONAE it was in the 3rd ten-day period of November. Dryspell can be observed in January and February in the urban area, while in MONAE, there was an abrupt drop in precipitation, however, it was not considered as dryspell. In the spatialization of rainfall and temperatures in MONAE, the highest volume of precipitation was detected in the 1st decade of December and in the urban area in the 2nd. The highest temperatures were recorded in all ten days of January, February and March 1st for the two areas studied. Atmospheric systems such as the South American Convergence Zone (ZCAS) and Bolivian High (AB) are responsible for the intense rains in December and January; The systems that cause lack of precipitation are: South Atlantic Subtropical Anticyclone (ASAS) and Inverted trough (CN). It can be concluded that the atmospheric systems operating in MONAE have an influence on the rainy season, which starts in October and lasts until March, and on the dry season, which starts in April and ends in September.