Geografia da sífilis e sua associação com a saúde ambiental em Bambuí, Minas Gerais
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Abstract
Syphilis is a systemic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It is a serious public health problem worldwide, including in Brazil. Its occurrence rates can be affected by how people interact with their social and urban environment in a municipality. This study aims to address the geography of syphilis in the Municipality of Bambuí, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, through two scientific articles and a technical production that discuss some of the space-time characteristics of syphilis cases reported from 2016 to 2021. The first article analyzed gestational syphilis as to how its occurrences relate to both notification origin (Basic Healthcare Unit neighborhood) and healthcare coverage in the municipality. Despite the high coverage of the Family Health Program, a national public health program, one-third of the infections were only diagnosed by the end of pregnancy, indicating the need for strategies to improve prenatal care. The second article investigated the environmental factors that could interfere with human health, reflecting the beginning of approaches to this issue. It identified 114 cases of syphilis reported in different demographic regions of the municipality from 2017 to 2021. This study shows the importance of primary healthcare in combating the disease and the need for further research to understand the relationship between the disease and the environment. Together, both articles highlight the complex interplay between social, environmental, and healthcare factors that contribute to the spread of syphilis in the municipality. By combining these perspectives, this study offers valuable insights that can inform public health policies and interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of syphilis in Bambuí and other similar settings. Finally, this work underscores the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in addressing infectious diseases and promoting healthcare equity in vulnerable populations.
