Cartografias discursivas da Brucelose no Brasil (2001–2023): Uma análise crítica das representações científicas sobre a zoonose

Abstract

This study critically examines the discursive representations of bovine brucellosis in Brazilian scientific literature between 2001 and 2023, using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and text-mining techniques implemented through Voyant Tools. A total of 206 scientific publications were analyzed to identify how meanings associated with the disease are constructed and which themes are emphasized or overlooked in academic production. The analysis revealed a strong focus on technical and epidemiological aspects, particularly on animal infection, with limited attention given to public health, economic impacts, and intersectoral perspectives. The lack of connection to zoonotic risk and One Health guidelines constrains the scientific discourse’s capacity to inform comprehensive and effective public policies. The methodology enabled the identification of lexical patterns, co-occurrence networks, and usage contexts that highlight not only dominant content but also key gaps in the field. Among the study’s limitations are the exclusion of documents incompatible with the digital tool and the predominance of texts in Portuguese. The findings suggest that a discursive approach to brucellosis enhances the understanding of the disease as a political, sanitary, and scientific phenomenon, and may support the development of integrated strategies for surveillance, prevention, and control in Brazil.